Bladder Cancer
Bladder cancer develops when the cells in the urinary bladder begin to grow abnormally and uncontrollably. Over time, these cells may form a tumor, which can invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body. The most common type is transitional cell carcinoma.
Understanding the Causes & Protection
Risk Factors & Prevention
– Smoking (biggest risk factor – chemicals from tobacco accumulate in urine)
– Occupational exposure to dyes, rubber, leather, or paint chemicals
– Chronic bladder irritation/infections
– Age (most common in people over 55)
– Male sex (higher risk than females)
– Family or personal history of bladder cancer
How can it be prevented?
– Quit smoking
– Avoid long-term exposure to industrial chemicals
– Stay hydrated – frequent urination may help flush out carcinogens
– Treat urinary tract infections and irritations promptly
– Use proper safety equipment if working with hazardous substances
Screening
– Not routinely done in general population
– Urine cytology or urinary tumor marker tests may be used for high-risk individuals
– Cystoscopy (camera into the bladder) used for people with symptoms
– Imaging tests like CT urogram for deeper evaluation
Symptoms
– Blood in urine (most common symptom, often painless)
– Frequent urination or urge to urinate
– Pain or burning during urination
– Pelvic pain
– Feeling that the bladder is not empty
– In advanced stages: weight loss, fatigue, bone pain
